Linux / Unix: Grub 2

# menu.lst - See: grub(, info grub, update-grub(
#            grub-install(, grub-floppy(,
#            grub-md5-crypt, /usr/share/doc/grub
#            and /usr/share/doc/grub-legacy-doc/.

## default num
# Set the default entry to the entry number NUM. Numbering starts from 0, and
# the entry number 0 is the default if the command is not used.
#
# You can specify 'saved' instead of a number. In this case, the default entry
# is the entry saved with the command 'savedefault'.
# WARNING: If you are using dmraid do not use 'savedefault' or your
# array will desync and will not let you boot your system.
default      0

## timeout sec
# Set a timeout, in SEC seconds, before automatically booting the default entry
# (normally the first entry defined).
timeout      3

## hiddenmenu
# Hides the menu by default (press ESC to see the menu)
hiddenmenu

# Pretty colours
#color cyan/blue white/blue

## password ['--md5'] passwd
# If used in the first section of a menu file, disable all interactive editing
# control (menu entry editor and command-line)  and entries protected by the
# command 'lock'
# e.g. password topsecret
#      password --md5 $1$gLhU0/$aW78kHK1QfV3P2b2znUoe/
# password topsecret

#
# examples
#
# title      Windows 95/98/NT/2000
# root      (hd0,0)
# makeactive
# chainloader   +1
#
# title      Linux
# root      (hd0,1)
# kernel   /vmlinuz root=/dev/hda2 ro
#

#
# Put static boot stanzas before and/or after AUTOMAGIC KERNEL LIST

### BEGIN AUTOMAGIC KERNELS LIST
## lines between the AUTOMAGIC KERNELS LIST markers will be modified
## by the debian update-grub script except for the default options below

## DO NOT UNCOMMENT THEM, Just edit them to your needs

## ## Start Default Options ##
## default kernel options
## default kernel options for automagic boot options
## If you want special options for specific kernels use kopt_x_y_z
## where x.y.z is kernel version. Minor versions can be omitted.
## e.g. kopt=root=/dev/hda1 ro
##      kopt_2_6_8=root=/dev/hdc1 ro
##      kopt_2_6_8_2_686=root=/dev/hdc2 ro
# kopt=root=UUID=ed9bf42d-626d-44ba-9132-e5261dcc2f4f ro

## default grub root device
## e.g. groot=(hd0,0)
# groot=ed9bf42d-626d-44ba-9132-e5261dcc2f4f

## should update-grub create alternative automagic boot options
## e.g. alternative=true
##      alternative=false
# alternative=true

## should update-grub lock alternative automagic boot options
## e.g. lockalternative=true
##      lockalternative=false
# lockalternative=false

## additional options to use with the default boot option, but not with the
## alternatives
## e.g. defoptions=vga=791 resume=/dev/hda5
# defoptions=quiet splash

## should update-grub lock old automagic boot options
## e.g. lockold=false
##      lockold=true
# lockold=false

## Xen hypervisor options to use with the default Xen boot option
# xenhopt=

## Xen Linux kernel options to use with the default Xen boot option
# xenkopt=console=tty0

## altoption boot targets option
## multiple altoptions lines are allowed
## e.g. altoptions=(extra menu suffix) extra boot options
##      altoptions=(recovery) single
# altoptions=(recovery mode) single

## controls how many kernels should be put into the menu.lst
## only counts the first occurence of a kernel, not the
## alternative kernel options
## e.g. howmany=all
##      howmany=7
# howmany=all

## specify if running in Xen domU or have grub detect automatically
## update-grub will ignore non-xen kernels when running in domU and vice versa
## e.g. indomU=detect
##      indomU=true
##      indomU=false
# indomU=detect

## should update-grub create memtest86 boot option
## e.g. memtest86=true
##      memtest86=false
# memtest86=true

## should update-grub adjust the value of the default booted system
## can be true or false
# updatedefaultentry=false

## should update-grub add savedefault to the default options
## can be true or false
# savedefault=false

## ## End Default Options ##

title      Ubuntu 10.04 LTS, kernel 2.6.32-23-generic
uuid      ed9bf42d-626d-44ba-9132-e5261dcc2f4f
kernel      /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.32-23-generic root=UUID=ed9bf42d-626d-44ba-9132-e5261dcc2f4f ro quiet splash
initrd      /boot/initrd.img-2.6.32-23-generic

title      Ubuntu 10.04 LTS, kernel 2.6.32-23-generic (recovery mode)
uuid      ed9bf42d-626d-44ba-9132-e5261dcc2f4f
kernel      /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.32-23-generic root=UUID=ed9bf42d-626d-44ba-9132-e5261dcc2f4f ro  single
initrd      /boot/initrd.img-2.6.32-23-generic

title      Ubuntu 10.04 LTS, kernel 2.6.32-22-generic
uuid      ed9bf42d-626d-44ba-9132-e5261dcc2f4f
kernel      /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.32-22-generic root=UUID=ed9bf42d-626d-44ba-9132-e5261dcc2f4f ro quiet splash
initrd      /boot/initrd.img-2.6.32-22-generic

title      Ubuntu 10.04 LTS, kernel 2.6.32-22-generic (recovery mode)
uuid      ed9bf42d-626d-44ba-9132-e5261dcc2f4f
kernel      /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.32-22-generic root=UUID=ed9bf42d-626d-44ba-9132-e5261dcc2f4f ro  single
initrd      /boot/initrd.img-2.6.32-22-generic

title      Ubuntu 10.04 LTS, kernel 2.6.32-21-generic
uuid      ed9bf42d-626d-44ba-9132-e5261dcc2f4f
kernel      /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.32-21-generic root=UUID=ed9bf42d-626d-44ba-9132-e5261dcc2f4f ro quiet splash
initrd      /boot/initrd.img-2.6.32-21-generic

title      Ubuntu 10.04 LTS, kernel 2.6.32-21-generic (recovery mode)
uuid      ed9bf42d-626d-44ba-9132-e5261dcc2f4f
kernel      /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.32-21-generic root=UUID=ed9bf42d-626d-44ba-9132-e5261dcc2f4f ro  single
initrd      /boot/initrd.img-2.6.32-21-generic

title      Chainload into GRUB 2
root      ed9bf42d-626d-44ba-9132-e5261dcc2f4f
kernel      /boot/grub/core.img

title      Ubuntu 10.04 LTS, memtest86+
uuid      ed9bf42d-626d-44ba-9132-e5261dcc2f4f
kernel      /boot/memtest86+.bin

### END DEBIAN AUTOMAGIC KERNELS LIST

Da ist nix von Windows zu sehen. Wann hast Du Ubuntu installiert? Hast Du Windows evtl überschrieben?

Vielen Dank erst einmal fuer Eure Antworten!
Dass da von Windows nichts drinsteht ist mir auch aufgefallen, aber muss dort etwas ueber Windows drin stehen, und falls ja, was?

Nein Windows kann nicht ueberschrieben sein, weil ich auf die Partition von Linux aus zugreifen kann. Also Windows ist definitiv nicht geloescht.

Beim Start habe ich Windows auch im Auswahlmenue von Grub.

Habe derweil grub2 komplett geloescht (purge) und neu installiert, geaendert hat sich leider nichts!

Bin am ueberlegen, ob es Sinn macht, den alten Grub (legacy) zu installieren, das wirft allerdings das Problem auf, dass ich eventuell gar nichts mehr starten kann. Ich kann mir zwar bis zu einem gewissen Grad selbst helfen, andererseits sind diese Moeglichkeiten doch sehr beschraenkt, sodass ich auf Eure Hilfe angewiesen bin.
In der grub.conf ist Windows richtig? erwaehnt, werde es heute Abend einmal posten ebenso andere Sachen die ich in der Zwischenzeit ausprobiert habe z.B. "testdisk"

Liebe Gruesse E. Langer
 

Du hast auch nur eine (physikalische) Festplatte drin?

Erkennt Ubuntu ein Windows wenn Du  sudo update-grub ausführst? Poste auch mal die Ausgabe von sudo fdisk -l

Es handelt sich um ein Toshiba-Notebook mit nur einer Festplatte!


Generating grub.cfg ...
Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.32-23-generic
Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-2.6.32-23-generic
Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.32-22-generic
Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-2.6.32-22-generic
Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.32-21-generic
Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-2.6.32-21-generic
Found memtest86+ image: /boot/memtest86+.bin
Found Microsoft Windows XP Home Edition on /dev/sda1
done

Ausgabe von sudo fdisk -l

Platte /dev/sda: 160.0 GByte, 160041885696 Byte
255 Köpfe, 63 Sektoren/Spur, 19457 Zylinder
Einheiten = Zylinder von 16065 × 512 = 8225280 Bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00000000

   Gerät  boot.     Anfang        Ende     Blöcke   Id  System
/dev/sda1   *           1        5885    47271231    7  HPFS/NTFS
/dev/sda2            5886       11964    48827392   83  Linux
/dev/sda3           11964       19458    60189697    5  Erweiterte
/dev/sda5           11964       19259    58592256   83  Linux
/dev/sda6           19259       19458     1596416   82  Linux Swap / Solaris

Platte /dev/sdb: 4036 MByte, 4036492800 Byte
4 Köpfe, 32 Sektoren/Spur, 61591 Zylinder
Einheiten = Zylinder von 128 × 512 = 65536 Bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x791df2af

/sdb ist mein Stick!

Ausgabe von testdik:

Disk /dev/sda - 160 GB / 149 GiB - CHS 19457 255 63
     Partition                  Start        End    Size in sectors
 1 * HPFS - NTFS              0   1  1  5884 254 63   94542462

Boot sector
Status: OK

Backup boot sector
Status: OK

Sectors are identical.

A valid NTFS Boot sector must be present in order to access
any data; even if the partition is not bootable.


 

Ausgabe von Resuts.txt

Hier noch das Ergebnis von Results.txt

               Boot Info Script 0.55    dated February 15th, 2010                   

============================= Boot Info Summary: ==============================

 => Grub 2 is installed in the MBR of /dev/sda and looks on the same drive in
    partition #2 for /boot/grub.
 => Windows is installed in the MBR of /dev/sdb

sda1: _____________________________________________________________________ ____

    File system:       ntfs
    Boot sector type:  Grub 2
    Boot sector info:  Grub 2 is installed in the boot sector of sda1 and
                       looks at sector 102234092 of the same hard drive for
                       core.img, but core.img can not be found at this
                       location. No errors found in the Boot Parameter Block.
    Operating System:  Windows XP
    Boot files/dirs:   /boot.ini /ntldr /NTDETECT.COM

sda2: _____________________________________________________________________ ____

    File system:       ext4
    Boot sector type:  -
    Boot sector info: 
    Operating System:  Ubuntu 10.04 LTS
    Boot files/dirs:   /boot/grub/menu.lst /boot/grub/grub.cfg /etc/fstab
                       /boot/grub/core.img

sda3: _____________________________________________________________________ ____

    File system:       Extended Partition
    Boot sector type:  -
    Boot sector info: 

sda5: _____________________________________________________________________ ____

    File system:       ext4
    Boot sector type:  -
    Boot sector info: 
    Operating System: 
    Boot files/dirs:   

sda6: _____________________________________________________________________ ____

    File system:       swap
    Boot sector type:  -
    Boot sector info: 



=========================== Drive/Partition Info: =============================

Drive: sda ___________________ _____________________________________________________

Platte /dev/sda: 160.0 GByte, 160041885696 Byte
255 Köpfe, 63 Sektoren/Spur, 19457 Zylinder, zusammen 312581808 Sektoren
Einheiten = Sektoren von 1 × 512 = 512 Bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Partition  Boot         Start           End          Size  Id System

/dev/sda1    *             63    94,542,524    94,542,462   7 HPFS/NTFS
/dev/sda2          94,543,872   192,198,655    97,654,784  83 Linux
/dev/sda3         192,200,702   312,580,095   120,379,394   5 Extended
/dev/sda5         192,200,704   309,385,215   117,184,512  83 Linux
/dev/sda6         309,387,264   312,580,095     3,192,832  82 Linux swap / Solaris


____________________________________________________________

Device           UUID                                   TYPE       LABEL                         

/dev/ramzswap0                                          swap                                     
/dev/sda1        5C80FB5280FB315E                       ntfs                                     
/dev/sda2        ed9bf42d-626d-44ba-9132-e5261dcc2f4f   ext4                                     
/dev/sda3: PTTYPE="dos"
/dev/sda5        dbcd05fa-1487-49b3-845d-cc9e8ac6616c   ext4                                     
/dev/sda6        556a92f7-b9e2-4595-8764-7efe9eb310ca   swap                                     
/dev/sda: PTTYPE="dos"

============================ "mount | grep ^/dev  output: ===========================

Device           Mount_Point              Type       Options

/dev/sda2        /                        ext4       (rw,errors=remount-ro)
/dev/sda5        /home                    ext4       (rw)
   

================================ sda1/boot.ini: ================================

[boot loader]

timeout=30

default=multi(0)disk(0)rdisk(0)partition(1)\WINDOWS

[operating systems]

multi(0)disk(0)rdisk(0)partition(1)\WINDOWS="Microsoft Windows XP Home Edition" /fastdetect /NoExecute=OptIn


=========================== sda2/boot/grub/menu.lst: ===========================

# menu.lst - See: grub(, info grub, update-grub(
#            grub-install(, grub-floppy(,
#            grub-md5-crypt, /usr/share/doc/grub
#            and /usr/share/doc/grub-legacy-doc/.

## default num
# Set the default entry to the entry number NUM. Numbering starts from 0, and
# the entry number 0 is the default if the command is not used.
#
# You can specify 'saved' instead of a number. In this case, the default entry
# is the entry saved with the command 'savedefault'.
# WARNING: If you are using dmraid do not use 'savedefault' or your
# array will desync and will not let you boot your system.
default      0

## timeout sec
# Set a timeout, in SEC seconds, before automatically booting the default entry
# (normally the first entry defined).
timeout      3

## hiddenmenu
# Hides the menu by default (press ESC to see the menu)
hiddenmenu

# Pretty colours
#color cyan/blue white/blue

## password ['--md5'] passwd
# If used in the first section of a menu file, disable all interactive editing
# control (menu entry editor and command-line)  and entries protected by the
# command 'lock'
# e.g. password topsecret
#      password --md5 $1$gLhU0/$aW78kHK1QfV3P2b2znUoe/
# password topsecret

#
# examples
#
# title      Windows 95/98/NT/2000
# root      (hd0,0)
# makeactive
# chainloader   +1
#
# title      Linux
# root      (hd0,1)
# kernel   /vmlinuz root=/dev/hda2 ro
#

#
# Put static boot stanzas before and/or after AUTOMAGIC KERNEL LIST

### BEGIN AUTOMAGIC KERNELS LIST
## lines between the AUTOMAGIC KERNELS LIST markers will be modified
## by the debian update-grub script except for the default options below

## DO NOT UNCOMMENT THEM, Just edit them to your needs

## ## Start Default Options ##
## default kernel options
## default kernel options for automagic boot options
## If you want special options for specific kernels use kopt_x_y_z
## where x.y.z is kernel version. Minor versions can be omitted.
## e.g. kopt=root=/dev/hda1 ro
##      kopt_2_6_8=root=/dev/hdc1 ro
##      kopt_2_6_8_2_686=root=/dev/hdc2 ro
# kopt=root=UUID=ed9bf42d-626d-44ba-9132-e5261dcc2f4f ro

## default grub root device
## e.g. groot=(hd0,0)
# groot=ed9bf42d-626d-44ba-9132-e5261dcc2f4f

## should update-grub create alternative automagic boot options
## e.g. alternative=true
##      alternative=false
# alternative=true

## should update-grub lock alternative automagic boot options
## e.g. lockalternative=true
##      lockalternative=false
# lockalternative=false

## additional options to use with the default boot option, but not with the
## alternatives
## e.g. defoptions=vga=791 resume=/dev/hda5
# defoptions=quiet splash

## should update-grub lock old automagic boot options
## e.g. lockold=false
##      lockold=true
# lockold=false

## Xen hypervisor options to use with the default Xen boot option
# xenhopt=

## Xen Linux kernel options to use with the default Xen boot option
# xenkopt=console=tty0

## altoption boot targets option
## multiple altoptions lines are allowed
## e.g. altoptions=(extra menu suffix) extra boot options
##      altoptions=(recovery) single
# altoptions=(recovery mode) single

## controls how many kernels should be put into the menu.lst
## only counts the first occurence of a kernel, not the
## alternative kernel options
## e.g. howmany=all
##      howmany=7
# howmany=all

## specify if running in Xen domU or have grub detect automatically
## update-grub will ignore non-xen kernels when running in domU and vice versa
## e.g. indomU=detect
##      indomU=true
##      indomU=false
# indomU=detect

## should update-grub create memtest86 boot option
## e.g. memtest86=true
##      memtest86=false
# memtest86=true

## should update-grub adjust the value of the default booted system
## can be true or false
# updatedefaultentry=false

## should update-grub add savedefault to the default options
## can be true or false
# savedefault=false

## ## End Default Options ##
 

title      Ubuntu 10.04 LTS, kernel 2.6.32-23-generic
uuid      ed9bf42d-626d-44ba-9132-e5261dcc2f4f
kernel      /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.32-23-generic root=UUID=ed9bf42d-626d-44ba-9132-e5261dcc2f4f ro quiet splash
initrd      /boot/initrd.img-2.6.32-23-generic

title      Ubuntu 10.04 LTS, kernel 2.6.32-23-generic (recovery mode)
uuid      ed9bf42d-626d-44ba-9132-e5261dcc2f4f
kernel      /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.32-23-generic root=UUID=ed9bf42d-626d-44ba-9132-e5261dcc2f4f ro  single
initrd      /boot/initrd.img-2.6.32-23-generic

title      Ubuntu 10.04 LTS, kernel 2.6.32-22-generic
uuid      ed9bf42d-626d-44ba-9132-e5261dcc2f4f
kernel      /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.32-22-generic root=UUID=ed9bf42d-626d-44ba-9132-e5261dcc2f4f ro quiet splash
initrd      /boot/initrd.img-2.6.32-22-generic

title      Ubuntu 10.04 LTS, kernel 2.6.32-22-generic (recovery mode)
uuid      ed9bf42d-626d-44ba-9132-e5261dcc2f4f
kernel      /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.32-22-generic root=UUID=ed9bf42d-626d-44ba-9132-e5261dcc2f4f ro  single
initrd      /boot/initrd.img-2.6.32-22-generic

title      Ubuntu 10.04 LTS, kernel 2.6.32-21-generic
uuid      ed9bf42d-626d-44ba-9132-e5261dcc2f4f
kernel      /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.32-21-generic root=UUID=ed9bf42d-626d-44ba-9132-e5261dcc2f4f ro quiet splash
initrd      /boot/initrd.img-2.6.32-21-generic

title      Ubuntu 10.04 LTS, kernel 2.6.32-21-generic (recovery mode)
uuid      ed9bf42d-626d-44ba-9132-e5261dcc2f4f
kernel      /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.32-21-generic root=UUID=ed9bf42d-626d-44ba-9132-e5261dcc2f4f ro  single
initrd      /boot/initrd.img-2.6.32-21-generic

title      Chainload into GRUB 2
root      ed9bf42d-626d-44ba-9132-e5261dcc2f4f
kernel      /boot/grub/core.img

title      Ubuntu 10.04 LTS, memtest86+
uuid      ed9bf42d-626d-44ba-9132-e5261dcc2f4f
kernel      /boot/memtest86+.bin

### END DEBIAN AUTOMAGIC KERNELS LIST

=========================== sda2/boot/grub/grub.cfg: ===========================

#
# DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE
#
# It is automatically generated by /usr/sbin/grub-mkconfig using templates
# from /etc/grub.d and settings from /etc/default/grub
#

### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/00_header ###
if [ -s $prefix/grubenv ]; then
  load_env
fi
set default="0"
if [ ${prev_saved_entry} ]; then
  set saved_entry=${prev_saved_entry}
  save_env saved_entry
  set prev_saved_entry=
  save_env prev_saved_entry
  set boot_once=true
fi

function savedefault {
  if [ -z ${boot_once} ]; then
    saved_entry=${chosen}
    save_env saved_entry
  fi
}

function recordfail {
  set recordfail=1
  if [ -n ${have_grubenv} ]; then if [ -z ${boot_once} ]; then save_env recordfail; fi; fi
}
insmod ext2
set root='(hd0,2)'
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set ed9bf42d-626d-44ba-9132-e5261dcc2f4f
if loadfont /usr/share/grub/unicode.pf2 ; then
  set gfxmode=640x480
  insmod gfxterm
  insmod vbe
  if terminal_output gfxterm ; then true ; else
    # For backward compatibility with versions of terminal.mod that don't
    # understand terminal_output
    terminal gfxterm
  fi
fi
insmod ext2
set root='(hd0,2)'
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set ed9bf42d-626d-44ba-9132-e5261dcc2f4f
set locale_dir=($root)/boot/grub/locale
set lang=de
insmod gettext
if [ ${recordfail} = 1 ]; then
  set timeout=-1
else
  set timeout=10
fi
### END /etc/grub.d/00_header ###

### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/05_debian_theme ###
set menu_color_normal=white/black
set menu_color_highlight=black/light-gray
### END /etc/grub.d/05_debian_theme ###

### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/10_linux ###
menuentry 'Ubuntu, mit Linux 2.6.32-22-generic' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os {
   recordfail
   insmod ext2
   set root='(hd0,2)'
   search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set ed9bf42d-626d-44ba-9132-e5261dcc2f4f
   linux   /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.32-22-generic root=UUID=ed9bf42d-626d-44ba-9132-e5261dcc2f4f ro   quiet splash
   initrd   /boot/initrd.img-2.6.32-22-generic
}
menuentry 'Ubuntu, mit Linux 2.6.32-22-generic (Wiederherstellungsmodus)' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os {
   recordfail
   insmod ext2
   set root='(hd0,2)'
   search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set ed9bf42d-626d-44ba-9132-e5261dcc2f4f
   echo   'Linux 2.6.32-22-generic wird geladen …'
   linux   /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.32-22-generic root=UUID=ed9bf42d-626d-44ba-9132-e5261dcc2f4f ro single
   echo   'Initiale Ramdisk wird geladen …'
   initrd   /boot/initrd.img-2.6.32-22-generic
}
menuentry 'Ubuntu, mit Linux 2.6.32-21-generic' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os {
   recordfail
   insmod ext2
   set root='(hd0,2)'
   search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set ed9bf42d-626d-44ba-9132-e5261dcc2f4f
   linux   /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.32-21-generic root=UUID=ed9bf42d-626d-44ba-9132-e5261dcc2f4f ro   quiet splash
   initrd   /boot/initrd.img-2.6.32-21-generic
}
menuentry 'Ubuntu, mit Linux 2.6.32-21-generic (Wiederherstellungsmodus)' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os {
   recordfail
   insmod ext2
   set root='(hd0,2)'
   search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set ed9bf42d-626d-44ba-9132-e5261dcc2f4f
   echo   'Linux 2.6.32-21-generic wird geladen …'
   linux   /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.32-21-generic root=UUID=ed9bf42d-626d-44ba-9132-e5261dcc2f4f ro single
   echo   'Initiale Ramdisk wird geladen …'
   initrd   /boot/initrd.img-2.6.32-21-generic
}
### END /etc/grub.d/10_linux ###

### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/20_memtest86+ ###
menuentry "Memory test (memtest86+)" {
   insmod ext2
   set root='(hd0,2)'
   search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set ed9bf42d-626d-44ba-9132-e5261dcc2f4f
   linux16   /boot/memtest86+.bin
}
menuentry "Memory test (memtest86+, serial console 115200)" {
   insmod ext2
   set root='(hd0,2)'
   search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set ed9bf42d-626d-44ba-9132-e5261dcc2f4f
   linux16   /boot/memtest86+.bin console=ttyS0,115200n8
}
### END /etc/grub.d/20_memtest86+ ###

### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/30_os-prober ###
menuentry "Microsoft Windows XP Home Edition (on /dev/sda1)" {
   insmod ntfs
   set root='(hd0,1)'
   search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set 5c80fb5280fb315e
   drivemap -s (hd0) ${root}
   chainloader +1
}
### END /etc/grub.d/30_os-prober ###

### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/40_custom ###
# This file provides an easy way to add custom menu entries.  Simply type the
# menu entries you want to add after this comment.  Be careful not to change
# the 'exec tail' line above.
### END /etc/grub.d/40_custom ###

=============================== sda2/etc/fstab: ===============================

# /etc/fstab: static file system information.
#
# Use 'blkid -o value -s UUID' to print the universally unique identifier
# for a device; this may be used with UUID= as a more robust way to name
# devices that works even if disks are added and removed. See fstab(5).
#
# <file system> <mount point>   <type>  <options>       <dump>  <pass>
proc            /proc           proc    nodev,noexec,nosuid 0       0
# / was on /dev/sda2 during installation
UUID=ed9bf42d-626d-44ba-9132-e5261dcc2f4f /               ext4    errors=remount-ro 0       1
# /home was on /dev/sda5 during installation
UUID=dbcd05fa-1487-49b3-845d-cc9e8ac6616c /home           ext4    defaults        0       2
# swap was on /dev/sda6 during installation
UUID=556a92f7-b9e2-4595-8764-7efe9eb310ca none            swap    sw              0       0

=================== sda2: Location of files loaded by Grub: ===================


  57.1GB: boot/grub/core.img
  78.6GB: boot/grub/grub.cfg
  87.3GB: boot/grub/menu.lst
  57.1GB: boot/initrd.img-2.6.32-21-generic
  57.2GB: boot/initrd.img-2.6.32-22-generic
  57.2GB: boot/initrd.img-2.6.32-23-generic
  57.1GB: boot/vmlinuz-2.6.32-21-generic
  57.2GB: boot/vmlinuz-2.6.32-22-generic
  57.1GB: boot/vmlinuz-2.6.32-23-generic
  57.2GB: initrd.img
  57.2GB: initrd.img.old
  57.1GB: vmlinuz
  57.2GB: vmlinuz.old

Found Microsoft Windows XP Home Edition on /dev/sda1

# If you change this file, run 'update-grub' afterwards to update
# /boot/grub/grub.cfg.

GRUB_DEFAULT=0
#GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT=0
GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT_QUIET=true
GRUB_TIMEOUT=10
GRUB_DISTRIBUTOR=`lsb_release -i -s 2> /dev/null || echo Debian`
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash"
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX=""

# Uncomment to disable graphical terminal (grub-pc only)
#GRUB_TERMINAL=console

# The resolution used on graphical terminal
# note that you can use only modes which your graphic card supports via VBE
# you can see them in real GRUB with the command `vbeinfo'
#GRUB_GFXMODE=640x480

# Uncomment if you don't want GRUB to pass "root=UUID=xxx" parameter to Linux
#GRUB_DISABLE_LINUX_UUID=true

# Uncomment to disable generation of recovery mode menu entries
#GRUB_DISABLE_LINUX_RECOVERY="true"

# Uncomment to get a beep at grub start
#GRUB_INIT_TUNE="480 440 1"

nach einem sudo update-grub sollte Windows im Bootmenü eigentlich auftauchen, ist das schon passiert?  ???

Diese Wahl stand schon immer zur Verfügung, allerdings auch immer der schwarze Bildschirm mit GRUB oben links in der Ecke und einem blinkenden Cursor dahinter.
Kann man da etwa was reinschreiben?

Gruss E. Langer

Nein da kann man nicht reinschreiben. Wie kommst Du auf sowas? Mitten im Bootvorgang was reinschreiben ist aber sowas von sinnfrei 
Wenn dann gibts Du GRUB Bootparameter mit, aber das ist was anderes.
Wenn Du Windows im Bootmenü auswählst dann kommt nur der blinkende Cursor und nichts weiter? Kommst Du unmittelbar nach der Auswhl von Windows mit F8 in die Windows-Bootoptionen noch rein?

Auf der englischen Webside von Grub habe ich sowas gelesen z.B. mit
"c" danach soll sich etwas tun ebenso mit "e". Sobald ich die Pasage wiedergefunden habe, werde ich Dir den Link schicken!

In der Tat steht dort nur GRUB mit dem blinkenden Cursor dahinter.

Mit F8 habe ich bisher noch nicht ausprobiert, versuche ich dann morgen.
Einstweilen bedanke ich mich ganz herzlich für Deine Tips und Dein Bemühen mir zu helfen.

Liebe Grüße E. Langer